Practice · Europe ⟶ China

Rare disease in China: approval is not access.

A structured approach for international pharmaceutical and biotech companies navigating China's regulatory, access and ecosystem complexity — where early missteps lock companies into suboptimal pathways for years.

The market

A national priority, still a hard market

China is home to an estimated 20 million patients affected by rare diseases. Over the past decade the field has become a national healthcare priority: the Rare Disease List has opened priority review pathways, and the spread of next-generation sequencing has changed what diagnosis is possible.

And yet reimbursement remains fragmented between national and provincial levels, and infrastructure varies sharply between major urban centres and lower-tier regions. Success requires regulatory, access, pricing and ecosystem strategies executed in the correct order.

Why entries fail

  • Assuming Rare Disease List inclusion guarantees pricing or reimbursement.
  • Misalignment between regulatory approval and diagnostic readiness.
  • Underestimating the role of genetic-testing access in patient identification.
  • Entering licensing or distribution agreements too early.

Our role

A China authority and an operating partner

We reduce strategic, regulatory and personal risk for the people who have to decide. We combine regulatory expertise, medical-scientific understanding and on-the-ground engagement — and we take responsibility for execution.

  • Opportunity validation through real-world epidemiology and unmet-need assessment
  • NMPA registration and access strategies aligned with clinical development stage
  • Mapping and qualification of reference centres, hospitals and investigators
  • Engagement with clinicians, KOLs and patient organisations
  • Pricing, reimbursement and access scenarios under evolving NRDL frameworks
  • Structured pilots supporting evidence-based scale-up — or a clean strategic exit

White paper

Strategic Entry into China's Rare Disease Market

A practical guide covering regulatory pathways, genetic-testing dynamics, pricing and reimbursement frameworks, digital health platforms and go-to-market strategy. Grounded in first-hand orphan-drug and NMPA experience — written for internal strategy and investment decisions, not as promotional content.

Cover of the rare disease white paper